halitosis
Halitosis is an oral condition characterised by persistent unpleasant oral breath. It is different from transient oral bad breath, such as that which occurs on waking or after ingestion of certain foods.
In most cases, halitosis or bad breath has its origin in the oral cavity and may be associated with periodontal disease such as gingivitis or periodontitis. Sometimes its origin can also be extra-oral, such as stomach diseases, respiratory infections, smoking, etc.
If the cause is of oral origin and is associated with periodontal disease, treatment should be carried out by the periodontist. If the cause is of extraoral origin, the periodontist will refer the patient to the most appropriate specialist.
